1. A 3-year-old is brought to the emergency department having just ingested a large overdose of diphenhydramine, an antihistaminic drug. Diphenhydramine is a weak base with a pK of 8.8. It is capable of entering most tissues, including the brain. On physical examination, the heart rate is 100/min, blood pressure 90/50 mm Hg, and respiratory rate 20/min. Which of the following statements about this case of diphenhydramine overdose is most correct?
2. Botulinum toxin is a large protein molecule. Its action on cholinergic transmission depends on an intracellular action within nerve endings. Which one of the following processes is best suited for permeation of very large protein molecules into cells?
3. A 60-year-old patient with severe cancer pain is given 10 mg of morphine by mouth. The plasma concentration is found to be only 30% of that found after intravenous administration of the same dose. Which of the following terms describes the process by which the amount of active drug in the body is reduced after administration but before entering the systemic circulation?
4. A 12-year-old child has bacterial pharyngitis and is to receive an oral antibiotic. Ampicillin is a weak organic acid with a pK, of 2.5. What percentage of a given dose will be in the lipid-soluble form in the duodenum at a pH of 4.5?
5. Ampicillin is eliminated by first-order kinetics. Which of the following statements best describes the process by which the plasma concentration of this drug declines?
6. Which of the following statements is most correct regarding the termination of drug action?
7. Which statement about the distribution of drugs to specific tissues is most correct?
8. The pharmacokinetic process that distinguishes the elimination of ethanol and high doses of phenytoin and aspirin from the elimination of most other drugs is called
9. The set of properties that characterize the effects of a drug on the body is called
10. Which substance is classified as a weak electrolyte?
